The new process of urbanization speeding up the construction of the steel structure of industrial expansion

Hainan Steel News: The new process of urbanization speeding up the construction of the steel structure of industrial expansion

 
Hainan Steel News: The overall objective of the national comprehensive deepening reform and create new urbanization proposed for the construction of new requests career transition unfolded. Construction industry transformation and upgrading, will inevitably bring about great change occupation production methods. And in this period of great change, the new direction of the construction of industrialization as one of transition has become increasingly uncertain, because of the construction progress of industrialization can create power, improve construction quality, low-carbon energy, consistent with sustainable expansion request. In promoting the new process of urbanization, industrialization and expansion exist for the construction of a doubt, to further strengthen the construction of industrial steel structure represented by the construction of industrial expansion, it is of great practical significance.
 
First, China launched the construction of the current situation and the existence of industrialization questions
 
For a long time, Chinese construction industry implementation are high cost, with capital in exchange-effective way, the original dispersion Handicraft production methods and the current large economic plan to create not used to. Compared to traditional construction jobs construction industrialization, energy savings of 70%, 80% water savings, materials 20%, 20% land, producing pollution-free green construction process can effectively solve the water seepage, seismic noise, etc., with quality can be control, cost control, progress controllable and many other advantages, economic and social benefits significantly, has great potential, has become a modern construction industry launched a major trend. Currently the construction of industrialization in developed countries and regions have been widely used. National and regional housing in Germany, Singapore, Hong Kong and other construction industrialization rate above 70%, Switzerland 80% live so industrialized parts, based on standardized residence member of the United States, commercialization of almost 100%.
 
As early as May 8, 1956, the State Council promulgated the "Decision on Strengthening and expansion of the construction industry", which is China's first to propose the construction of industrialization go file. 1978 construction of industrial planning meeting request to 1985, the basic completion of the construction of the cities of industrialization, until 2000, complete construction of modern industry. From the proposed construction has been half a century of industrialization the moment, but the process of industrialization in China is still relatively slow to build, even in big cities, industrial production rate is not high. Chinese construction industry, it is still mainly in extensive, very serious waste, construction lagging standardization work, corresponding parts standardization, low level of generalization, new build construction system is still in the exploratory stage, there is no plan to reach large industrialized request. At present, China vigorously expand the construction of industrial expansion mainly in real estate development companies, construction companies industrialized the whole industry chain, the company produces precast concrete, steel structure production companies, production companies and other parts integrated five categories.
 
Analyze the reasons, there are questions about the construction of industrial connotation, but also closely related to China's economic expansion environment. Expand the connotation, the existence of standard systems are imperfect and other reasons; from the external environment, the Chinese construction industry has always been a labor-intensive industry, and has been enjoying the advantage of cheap labor, but also a tremendous job, and therefore, the construction of industrialization the driving force is not strong. But with the "labor shortage" spread the gradual disappearance of the demographic dividend, the construction needs of the company to progress labor productivity has been increasing. In addition, the past 20 years China construction planning continually adding, the construction industry output value of 25% per year rate of increase, and the new construction area each year to reach half of the world, a huge create needs so that the construction company did not time and energy to carry out the construction of industrial skills research, developers do not want to use immature industrialized construction skills.
 
Even the construction of steel structure construction of industrialization as the most representative industrial method to expand there are some questions to be solved:
 
(A) Planning and Construction fragmented. Construction planning and construction sectors is a complete, whole process in close contact, which is to create a system of industrialized construction is particularly important. In China, the planning and construction are two separate operations, planning and construction phase separation. This specialized division of labor may help plan parties and the construction side of progress in their respective areas of professional level, but also led to a lot of questions [1]: one is the planning staff can not fully understand the needs of industrialized construction, resulting in the emergence plan difficult or inconvenient scene industrialized construction; construction site personnel hand experience in the construction phase of the heap is rarely recorded and shared with planners. This will cause changes constantly recurring engineering planning, construction costs add, extension of time, poor quality of doubt, the formation of the loss, and to some extent, restricts construction skills to promote industrialization and expansion. Thus, planning and construction should be closely integrated and coordinated with each other, a reasonable division of labor in this context, in order to reach the "do everything, their duties" and jointly create the new construction for industrial innovation and implementation of systems support.
(B) the industrial chain is not smooth. Because the mall is not perfect economy, the construction of the steel structure industry expanded too rapidly, China has long been the spontaneous formation of the presence of serious doubts construction steel structure industry chain equipment. In particular in the upstream construction steel goods can not fully meet the needs of existing shopping centers, limited prospective independent research awareness and ability, there is a big gap between the international market, some products still rely on imports; the rapid expansion, the construction of the steel structure of scientific research there is some serious lag field, transforming scientific and technological achievements is not timely, adequate, some new construction system can not, or not fully promote the use; production, learning and research structure is not sufficient, resulting in commodity research and development, scientific research, planning and construction lack of company each series, conscious of the skills strategy and skill reserve; planning team is quite weak, and so on. Together, the construction of the steel structure supporting the construction of the steel industry is also lagging behind in their development speed construction industry. This will cover the construction of steel structure superior in energy, materials, environmental protection, economic and other aspects, and resulting in the construction of steel structure shaped association unnecessary capital advances, which may further mask the construction of the steel structure itself cost advantage.
 
(Iii) Skills transformation rate. The level of expertise in terms of support, it should be said that the current national connotation of construction steel structure in the field of research environment is getting better, research scientists and technicians unprecedented enthusiasm, but because the mall has been restricted-use planning, so that some construction steel structure system only limited experience in engineering practice, even unable to complete some of the skills and even the monopoly of foreign companies. In developed countries such as the use of more large-span structure opening and closing system, tensegrity structure system, the country nearly 10 years has been a hot research question, but basically limited engineering practice, even empty. Blank these questions together also form a corresponding construction system planning standards or specifications or unsound engineering skills achievements into very low power.
 
(D) three-panel systems are imperfect. Three plate system includes a floor structure systems, roofing systems and wall systems configured system, the latter belongs to the containment system. Steel structure built on the plate with special requests, especially walls, in addition to requesting beautiful, lightweight, high strength, high thermal insulation, but also coordination with the steel skeleton structure. In addition, the construction of the steel structure of the plate but also in line with the modulus and standardization, in order to complete the factory production, on-site assembly type construction. At present, China's existing sheet steel structure construction system also can not meet such a request, expand the degree of industrialization is lagging behind, which will severely restrict the commencement of the construction of the steel structure.
 
(V) industrial model for an innovation. Steel structure construction of industrial expansion should take proprietary construction system and complete sets of skills integrated development of the road. At present the country has few steel construction system with independent intellectual property rights related skills is behind schedule in the development of construction steel construction system. At present, more mature skill steel portal frame construction system Strut system, at the top, a large space span steel structure is also used in construction, but are still far away from industrialization and systematization, in a wide range of large civil construction such as the construction of office buildings, schools, hospitals, homes, etc., does not have a complete, self-development and in line with China's national conditions of the steel structure construction system, proprietary steel structure construction system development long way to go.
 
Second, the new urbanization, industrialization calls for the construction of steel structure
 
The construction industry is to create specific actors urbanization, the output value of more than about 60% of total investment in fixed assets. The new urbanization calls for green, smart and livable built commodity, it requests the construction industry high consumption, high investment, low income questions must be changed, in promoting the urbanization to create a new process, the construction of industrialization will usher in a new start, It is not a forced choice questions, while the construction industry will be accompanied by a shift of urbanization create effective ways and methods to expand the deployment direction [2]. Traditional construction industry job site more wet, low labor productivity, the quality of questions outstanding, and produce large amounts of construction waste, become a serious environmental pollution, does not comply with a request to create a new urbanization [3]. Thus, to protect the new urbanization create quality and power, the construction industry must upgrade the quality and functionality through the construction progress, optimize the industrial structure, accelerate speed to create, improve working conditions, substantial progress in labor productivity, so that the construction industry quality and efficiency of the road quickly took to complete the new urbanization and fast start.
 
Construction of steel structure for its green, environmental protection, low-carbon and other characteristics, is considered to represent the structure of construction expansion direction, the steel structure construction industrialization therefore also be considered in the new urbanization create new construction of the most important industrial representatives.
 
Good (a) steel structure seismic performance. Steel structure has good ductility, absorb more energy when the structure damage under dynamic impact load effect, can reduce the risk of brittle extent of damage, and therefore the construction of the steel structure has a good seismic performance is good [4]. For example, when the 2008 earthquake, the construction of steel structure - safe Jiuzhou Stadium in Mianyang, became victims of refuge; when the April 20, 2013 Lushan earthquake, Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction, renovation of steel construction of hospitals, schools do not have any damage, these construction has become a sanctuary of life; after March 11, 2011 earthquake on the east coast of Japan, home to the steel structure to support the anti-shock system to attract the eyes of the world.
 
The first life is the highest criterion of construction, residential Amano is the largest people's livelihood. China is a country prone to earthquakes, and the occasional large earthquake is inevitable, and reduce the formation of personnel earthquake casualties, property damage is critical from the progress of construction material aspects of their own seismic capacity, extensive use of seismic and strong steel structure construction It has become a top priority.
 
(Ii) the construction of low-carbon steel construction and environmental protection. Factory produced parts, components assembled on-site construction of industrial building method is the best way to reach the green construction standards. Related research showed that home-building factory method will reduce energy consumption per square meter at least? 14? Tons of standard coal, saving building materials? 600 kg, emissions CO2300 kg, while taking shelter industrialized renovation project to be completed one percent reduction of construction garbage, 0.5 kg and materials, emission reductions? CO240 kg. Among them, the steel structure industrial construction of low-carbon green cycle characteristic is more prominent. Steel structure construction of full use of high-strength properties of steel, saving engineering construction material. The amount of its capital cost per square meter is about 800 to 1000 kg, while the construction of steel-concrete construction cost per square meter in the capital amount of more than 1700 kg. Steel structure built in the process of production and create energy-saving technology than traditional concrete 1/3, in the use of the process of the construction of energy-efficient than the traditional 10%; the implementation of dry construction, water-saving rate can reach 30%, 80% reduction in dust emissions. Steel structure built after the demolition of-life garbage produced only 25% of the construction of reinforced concrete structure, more is left to posterity is the capital reusable (steel), redevelopment of wealth, can scrap refresher scratch regeneration, recycling rate to reach more than 90%.
 
(Iii) can alleviate steel overcapacity. China's steel production, ranking first in the world of long-term, serious excess capacity. How to digest the huge production capacity, expand the construction of the steel structure is a direction. In developed countries, the proportion of construction steel structure built structure in the generally more than 40%, the proportion of American steel structure built in the 60 percent or so, the Japanese steel structure built to reach the 39% share of the UK for more than 90% of new construction steel structure . While China Steel Construction Association calculated, in 2013 China constructed using steel construction accounting for only 6%. From the gap between China and abroad, China's steel structure has a great career waiting for us to develop space, plenty of steel production for the completion of the steel structure built industrialization provided a solid material foundation. Planning to promote the construction of large steel structure, we will be able to break the current domestic steel production capacity significantly excess steel company bogged down format.
 
(Iv) can greatly reduce labor costs. Establish a relatively inexpensive labor to build the basis of occupation, is facing rising labor costs in doubt, restricting China's construction industry has gradually become a bottleneck for further expansion. Now the construction workers on the site, the basic 30 to 50 years of age, and few have more than 20-year-olds, there have been lean "dating" scene [5]. Complete construction of industrialization, can greatly reduce the difficulty of human capital equipment, saving the cost, construction steel structure has a high degree of mechanization of production and completion of construction, has a very complete standard system, saving the cost of human capital for the completion of the construction of industrialization It played a significant role in promoting effect.
 
(E) an integrated steel construction efficiency significantly. Due to light weight steel structure construction, not only compared with reinforced concrete structure on the basis of the cost savings of 30%, in the regional advantages of soft soil was particularly notable, and construction materials comprehensive transportation costs low. Due to the small high intensity, the corresponding cross-section beams and other components can be added to build the effective use of an area of ​​5% -7%; steel structure implementation of factory production, construction assembly work, quality assurance, adding houses intrinsic value. Since the construction speed, duration shortened by more than 40%, can build earlier put into use, so that real estate developers to accelerate cash flow nearly doubled, together with the use of funds costs are greatly reduced. Create a project in advance using the obtained investment income was significantly higher than the spread of steel reinforced concrete structure construction. Under the same conditions floor clear height, steel structure to maintain a small wall area, air conditioning needed to save energy and reduce maintenance costs. Steel structure construction window unrestricted, ventilation and lighting effect, as we can provide a more secure and comfortable living space, but also saves energy. There is a good seismic performance, saving the cost of rebuilding after the quake.
 
Third, the measures to expand the steel structure construction industrialization recommendations
Urbanization create new steel structure built to expand industrialization provides great opportunities to expand. We must seize the opportunity to make a difference.
 
(A) The role of the government and associations to lead effects
Domestic and foreign steel structure built according to revelation of industrialization in the current imperfect factor prices and equipment, assessment and evaluation system is imperfect, the extensive method of increasing the situation has not been fundamentally curbed, complete steel structure construction industrialization objectives, both need the mall this look invisible hand, at this stage need to strengthen the government and the association effect in the construction of the steel structure of the process of industrialization. First, policy, planning, standards and other means to regulate the behavior of the main shopping malls, integrated use of pricing, taxation, financial and other means to encourage the construction of steel structure industrial expansion; the second is the use of industrial steel structure built in government-led project to create affordable housing as well as the first choice of large-scale public construction steel structure industrial construction, construction of industrial expansion through the demonstration effect of the government, femoral artery and steel construction; third is to play in guiding and leading professional associations effect, promote suitable for industrial production of steel structure construction system, accelerate the expansion of steel assembly construction skills to build the project, the progress of the construction of the steel structure industrial skill level of integration.
(B) Expand the large steel structure industrial groups
Efforts to cultivate a group of prominent main business, core ability of large companies and corporate groups, progressive intensification and integration production level, progress of industrial concentration and product development capabilities. Training Prefabricated steel structure industrial skills integrated use of company, encouraged by research institutes, production companies, development companies form a consortium to advance to the steel structure prefabricated homes commodity as a link, complementary advantages, powerful alliances, formed industrial group. Supporting a number of bear Prefabricated steel structure residence and skills integrated technology into the company, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, to strengthen the integration and implementation Prefabricated steel structure residence residential industrial skills.
 
(C) the effect of play steel construction Industry Coalition
Establish Prefabricated steel structure construction industry alliances, expand exchanges and cooperation in the construction of a wide range of deepening industrialization industrial chain to create respect, extensive deepen cooperation in human capital sharing, discussion platform to build, science and technology capital sharing, research cooperation, common Fabricated steel structure to promote the construction of engineering skills in areas such as development and trade promotion.
 
(Iv) strengthen research investment and personnel training
Steel structure construction of industrialization in China to expand the momentum is weak, but together prefabricated steel structure construction system is a complex skill system, involving civil engineering, steel structure, wall materials, floor roof materials, pipeline system and other sets of skills and integration skills, it requires a lot of planning, construction workers and skilled workers. Therefore, to promote the industrialization of steel structure construction, the urgent need to accelerate the training of personnel. Such personnel training should be a multi-level multi-faceted, from research planning staff, down to the on-site installation workers need to be professional learning and training.
 
(V) establish a system to increase the skill sets
China's construction industry to create a pattern of extensive, creating production rate, poor efficiency planning, capital serious waste, construction industrialized urgent progress. As a representative of the construction of industrial steel structure, we need through the development and integration of complete sets of skills, innovation and promotion, industrialization skill sets will be used in the construction of industrial steel structure to create in order to play a demonstration effect. Early can vigorously promote the fabricated steel structure residence, including construction and construction skills, energy-saving and new energy use skills, kitchen skills, skills pipeline, the environment and the protection of skill, intelligence skills and construction skills to build seven skill system.
 
In short, the construction of the steel structure for the most important representatives of industrialized construction of industrialization is the construction industry in China launched an inevitable trend, it is the only way to complete the green construction. Construction of industrialization can enhance the technological level and status of construction industry, construction industry to change the traditional method of operation, construction techniques and create concepts, improve construction power and reduce costs to build shape, but also share a lot of moving domestic related industries to expand and promote the metallurgy industry, building materials industry, agriculture and other professional decoration expand and accelerate the completion of the construction of the whole modern industry. China's industrialization construction industry is at an important opportunity, we should integrate various types of capital, accelerate the construction of China's steel structure the process of industrialization, China to explore the construction of a suitable road of industrialization.