What are the main characteristics of steel structures

Grid structure is a material that can be used in many buildings, and it is also a steel structure in the first place. At the same time, steel Structural engineering technology in steel Structural engineering is mainly made of steel, which is composed of steel beams, steel columns, steel trusses and other components made of section steel and steel plates; The use of welded, bolted, or riveted connections between various components or components is one of the primary types of building structures. What are the advantages and disadvantages of steel structures?

Steel structure characteristics

Steel based structures are one of the primary types of building structures. The characteristics of steel are high strength, light weight, good overall rigidity, and strong deformation ability, making it particularly suitable for building large-span, ultra-high, and ultra-heavy buildings; The material is an ideal elastic body with good homogeneity and isotropy, which is more consistent with the basic assumptions of general Applied mechanics; The material has good plasticity and toughness, can undergo significant deformation, and can withstand dynamic loads well; Short construction period; It has a high degree of industrialization and can be produced professionally with a high degree of mechanization. Steel structures should study high-strength steel to greatly improve its yield point strength; In addition, new types of steel sections, such as H-beams (also known as wide flange steel sections), T-beams, and profiled steel plates, need to be rolled to meet the needs of large-span structures and super high-rise buildings.

In addition, there is a light steel structure system without a thermal bridge in the steel structure, and the building itself is not energy-saving. This technology uses clever special connectors to solve the problem of cold and hot bridges in the building; The small truss structure allows cables and water supply and drainage pipes to pass through the wall, making construction and decoration convenient for grid processing.

Advantages and disadvantages of steel structures

1. High material strength and light weight

Steel has high strength and elastic modulus. Compared with concrete and wood, the ratio of density to yield strength is relatively low. Therefore, under the same stress conditions, the component section of steel structures is small, the self weight is light, and it is easy to transport and install. It is suitable for processing structural grids with large spans, high heights, and load-bearing capacity.

2. Steel has toughness, good plasticity, uniform material, and high structural reliability

Suitable for withstanding impact and dynamic loads, with outstanding seismic performance. The internal organizational structure of the steel is uniform, almost isotropic and homogeneous. The actual working performance of the steel structure is in line with the Theory of computation. So the steel structure has high reliability.

3. High degree of mechanization in steel structure manufacturing and installation

Steel structural components are easy to manufacture in the factory and assemble on the construction site. The factory's mechanized manufacturing of steel structural components has high precision, high production efficiency, fast assembly speed on site, and short construction period. Steel structure is a highly industrialized type of structural grid processing.

4. Good sealing performance of steel structure

Due to the welding structure, it can achieve complete sealing and can be used as high-pressure vessels, large oil pools, pressure pipelines, etc. with good air and water tightness.

5. Steel structure is heat-resistant but not fire-resistant

When the temperature is below 150 ℃, there is little change in the properties of the steel. Therefore, steel structures are suitable for hot workshops, but when the surface of the structure is subjected to thermal radiation of around 150 ℃, insulation boards should be selected for maintenance. When the temperature is between 300 ℃ and 400 ℃, the strength and elastic modulus of the steel significantly decrease, and when the temperature is around 600 ℃, the strength of the steel tends to zero. In buildings with special fire setting requirements, steel structures must be maintained with refractory materials to improve their fire resistance rating.

6. Poor corrosion resistance of steel structures

Especially in environments with damp and corrosive media, simple rusting occurs. Generally, steel structures need to be derusted, coated with zinc or paint, and regularly maintained. For marine channel structures in seawater, special measures such as "zinc block anode maintenance" should be taken to prevent corrosion.